Wrestling

Wrestling is a game natural to man.It is one of the most ancient sports.In the warfare,expecially,it took its early significant place when victory in a battle was determined not by mass clash of armies but by indivisual combat.
        Wrestling used to oil their bodies before starting a match to cover the pores of skin lest the sand and dust of the arena clog them.In addition,they rubbed themselves with fine powered clay which certainly helped the wrestler to gain a better grip.
       International wrestling competitions consists of the following parts :
a. preminary rounds
b. final round
       This rule applies to all indivisual competion having 4 or more wrestlers in a wieght class.If there are only 3 or 2 wrestlers,the system of "one against the other " is applied and the preliminary rounds are omitted.

Sporting Heroes

There are many sporting heroes I respect.In any field of sports there are sporting legends.In the game of Football my heroes  is Beckham,Ronaldo,Zidane etc.They all contribute for their country and they make us enjoy the game most.I fill they need a salute for their work.
Ronaldo, born in 1976, Brazilian soccer player, a prolific goal-scorer. Ronaldo scored both goals in the 2002 World Cup final to lead Brazil to a record fifth title.

Pelé, born in 1940, Brazilian soccer player who is considered one of the greatest soccer players of all time. Pelé led Brazil to international dominance in soccer and three World Cup titles from the late 1950s to the early 1970s. He later helped popularize the sport in the United States.

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Olympic Games

Olympic Games, international sports competition, held every four years at a different site, in which athletes from different nations compete against each other in a variety of sports. There are two types of Olympics, the Summer Olympics and the Winter Olympics. Through 1992 they were held in the same year, but beginning in 1994 they were rescheduled so that they are held in alternate even-numbered years. For example, the Winter Olympics were held in 1994 and the Summer Olympics in 1996. The Winter Olympics were next held in 1998, and the Summer Olympics next occurred in 2000.
 The modern Olympic Games began in Athens, Greece, in 1896, two years after French educator Pierre de Coubertin proposed that the Olympic Games of ancient Greece be revived to promote a more peaceful world. The program for the 1896 Games, including only summer events (the Winter Olympics were not established until 1924), included about 300 athletes from fewer than 15 countries competing in 43 events in nine different sports. By contrast, when the Summer Olympics returned to Athens in 2004, more than 10,000 athletes from 202 countries competed in 28 different sports.
The Olympic Games are administered by the International Olympic Committee (IOC), which is headquartered in Lausanne, Switzerland. The IOC was created in 1894 in Paris, France, as an independent committee selecting its own members. (To begin the process, however, Coubertin himself chose the first 15 members.) IOC members are officially considered to be representatives from the IOC to their own nations, not delegates from their own countries to the IOC. Most members are elected to the IOC after serving on the National Olympic Committees (NOCs) of their own countries.
The Olympic Games have always included a number of ceremonies, many of which emphasize the themes of international friendship and peaceful cooperation. The opening ceremony has always included the parade of nations, in which the teams from each nation enter the main stadium as part of a procession. The Greek team always enters first, to commemorate the ancient origins of the modern Games, and the team of the host nation always enters last. The opening ceremony has evolved over the years into a complex extravaganza, with music, speeches, and pageantry. It is eagerly anticipated and well attended.
The torch relay, in which the Olympic Flame symbolizes the transmission of Olympic ideals from ancient Greece to the modern world, was introduced as part of the opening ceremony at the 1936 Summer Games in Berlin, Germany. In the relay, the torch is lit in Olympia, Greece, and is carried over several weeks or months from there to the host city by a series of runners. After the last runner lights the Olympic Flame in the main Olympic stadium (considered a great honor), the host country’s head of state declares the Games officially open, and doves are released to symbolize the hope of world peace.

Running

Running, moving on foot more rapidly than walking. Running is one of the most popular forms of exercise in the world because virtually anyone can do it. It requires little specialized training or equipment and provides a good workout in a minimal amount of time. Millions of people engage in running for fitness, recreation, or as a competitive sport.
Running at a slow pace is sometimes called jogging. Actual running speeds may vary widely from person to person, depending on age, weight, and fitness level. According to physiologists the average person can derive health benefits from running as little as 20 minutes three times a week. Competitive running falls under the sport of track and field and under specific events such as the triathlon, decathlon, and marathon.
Running has been around as long as humans have, but it did not become a popular activity for the masses until the 1970s. American physician Kenneth Cooper’s book Aerobics (1968) is considered one of the first inspirations for this growth. The book demonstrated the considerable health gains that could be derived from regular workouts that emphasized cardiovascular fitness.
Runners should wear suitable shoes; running in inadequate footwear often leads to injuries.

Volleyball

Volleyball, popular team sport played by hitting an inflated ball back and forth over a high net. In the indoor game, each team has six players, while in beach volleyball, played outdoors on sand, teams consist of two players each. Points are scored by successfully landing the ball in the court of the opponents without it being returned successfully.
The players on a six-person volleyball team include three front-row players, who stand near the net, and three back-row players. The server starting the game stands anywhere behind the endline, serving over the net into the court of the opponents by tossing the ball into the air and striking it with the hand or fist. Only one attempt is allowed on the serve. By hitting the ball back and forth over the net, with the hands, forearms, head, or any part of the body, play is continued until one team fails to keep the ball in play—that is, in the air—or until a rule violation is committed. The ball must be returned by a team over the net after no more than three hits, and no player may hit the ball twice in succession. The return over the net must be done without catching, holding, or carrying the ball, without a player touching the net, and without entering the opponents’ area. A player keeps serving as long as his or her team continues to win points. The serve must rotate to a new player each time a team wins back the service.The first team to score 15 points (traditional) or 25 points (rally scoring) wins the game, provided the margin of victory is at least 2 points. An indoor volleyball match consists of the best two out of three or three out of five games. Beach volleyball matches are usually one game, using side-out scoring, or best two out of three using rally scoring. Officials in competitive volleyball include a referee, scorer, umpire, and line judges.

Badminton

Badminton, game for two or four players using lightweight rackets and a shuttlecock, a cork ball fitted with stabilizing feathers. Players hit the shuttlecock back and forth over a net, trying to keep it from hitting the ground. Some people play badminton outdoors on a level grassy area or beach. However, tournament-level badminton is played indoors on a specially marked court.
Badminton’s growth accelerated after the game’s debut as a medal sport during the 1992 Summer Olympic Games. China, Denmark, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, and South Korea are just a few of the countries where badminton is popular.
Play begins with a serve from a service area on the right-hand side of the court to a receiver in a diagonally opposite service area across the net. To serve, the server stands behind the service line and strikes the cork base of the shuttle in an underhand motion. The receiver must then return the shuttle before it hits the ground, and the players hit the shuttle back and forth until one side fails to return it.
Badminton was played as a demonstration sport at the 1972 and 1988 Olympic Games and became a medal sport in 1992; all the champions that year were from Indonesia or South Korea. Since then the game has seen the emergence of players from China, with three of the five gold medals at the 2004 Olympics in Athens, Greece, going to Chinese competitors.

Hockey

Hockey is the game  in which two opposing teams attempt to drive a ball into the goal of the opponent by means of sticks that are curved or hooked at one end. The sport, played both professionally and on the amateur level, is popular with men and women in Europe, India, Pakistan, New Zealand, and other parts of South America, Asia, and Africa.A match is divided into two halves of 35 minutes each.
 In 1924 the Fédération Internationale de Hockey (FIH, International Federation of Hockey) was founded as the governing body over the men's game.
Men's field hockey became part of the Olympic Games in 1908. Teams from India and Pakistan have dominated Olympic field hockey competition, but teams from New Zealand, Australia, Britain, Germany, and the Netherlands have also had success. Women's field hockey was first played as an official Olympic sport in 1980. The first Olympic women's competition was won by the team from Zimbabwe.